Color and rubbing fastness

Do you have problems with bleeding/bleeding or sublimations (imprints) in goods that have already been produced?
We can help you further, even in problematic cases, e.g. strongly contrasting colors, we can produce the target condition of the goods without any problems.

Whether synthetic fibers, blended fabrics or natural fibers, there is a way to process the fabric for every special case.

Please contact us, we will be happy to inform you about the details.

In recent years, we have developed our expertise to such an extent that in over 90% of cases, the bleeding of dark areas of polyester and polyamide onto light contrasting colors is eliminated, thus significantly improving color fastness.
Especially in the area of team equipment, a wash fastness of grade 5 must be achieved for contrasting jerseys.
The pigments from the jerseys of 15 soccer players reach a dangerous concentration in the household washing machine.
Even with wash fastnesses of 3 – 4, the white stripe of a red and white jersey can turn pink.
We can prevent this.

e.g. polyester, viscose and cotton are often dyed in “one pot” for cost reasons.
It is clear that only one component can be fixed at a time.
We have developed a test scenario to determine which of the possible post-fixations we can apply.

Direct cotton dyeings can also be significantly improved by using modern binding agents. New developments in the last two years have made it possible to improve print dyeings by 1 – 2 levels.Modern fixing agents also achieve significant improvements when wash fastness is required at 60 degrees

• Whether prints or dyeings, we can subsequently anchor the existing polar dye in the bath more deeply in the fabric by polar charging of the textile, binding it more strongly to the fabric by means of an additional binding agent.
• Reactivate the binding power of the existing dye physically and thermally in presses or our ovens.
• Keep excess color in non-polar dyes in solution using dispersants or retarding agents until they are bleached away.
• Stabilize print and ink with a soft coating (especially when printing).

• Color fading is the unwanted soiling of light-colored parts with unfixed dyes from adjacent dark parts of the garment, regardless of whether this is caused by adjacent contrasting colors and/or prints, appliqués, etc.. This is often caused by heat, (air) humidity or the presence of chemical components.
• With 30 years of experience, we can solve these problems with specific bleaching processes using tested dispersants and retardants, even with demanding contrasting colors using special washing processes.

Depending on the different dyeing technologies, we use various strategies to improve the rubbing and washing fastness:

1. Direct dyes (substantive dyes)
   are absorbed directly from the dye liquor onto the fibers due to their ionic charge.
   Either by physical bonding of basic dyes to positively(er) charged functional groups of cellulosic fibers or to the acid groups of polyacrylonitrile.
   Wool and polyamide, on the other hand, are more suitable for acid dyes due to their basic amino groups.

   If the fastness is insufficient, the fibre is charged with an appropriately charged fixer, stabilized and coated in order to bind the already bound dyes even more firmly to and into the dyeing material.

2. Reactive dyes
   do not adhere to the fibre surface by physical forces (ionic bonding or via polarizing molecular groups), but by the dye forming a direct chemical bond with the fibre.

   If the fastness properties are insufficient, the reactive bond is strengthened by chemicals with a comparable reactive effect or the binding tendency of the dyeing material is sharpened.
   Film-forming coatings can also stabilize the abrasion

3. Disperse dyeing
   is a special form of dyeing with a binding agent.
   If the dyeing material is immersed in a suspension of dye dissolved in water with a binder, the dye diffuses into the fiber and hardens after drying, forming a film to a greater or lesser extent.
   With polyester, penetration into the fiber can be improved by high-temperature processes (under pressure up to 220 degrees) or carriers.
   Unbound disperse dye is then rinsed out (soaped)

   If the fastness is insufficient, there is too much unfixed excess color of the disperse dye.
   This must be washed or bleached away.
   Rubbing fastnesses can then be improved with a film former.

4. With development dyes
   , the dye is only created when two components meet in the fiber.
   The first, water-soluble component is adsorbed by the fiber.
   The water-insoluble dye is only formed when the 2nd component is added (e.g. in azo coupling).
   In vat dyeing (e.g. indigo), the water-insoluble dye is adsorbed directly by the fiber

   In the event of insufficient fastness, specific process chemicals are used to simulate and improve the individual steps of the process.
   Due to a lack of information from the producer of the goods to be processed, their suitability often requires lengthy testing.